Rotary motor.



No. 686,394. Patnted Nov. l2, mm.

W. DEIWIKS.

ROTARY MOTOR. (A ucmon med Apr. 2a, 1900.\ (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

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(Application filed Aprv 28, 1900.)

Patented Nov. I2, 1901.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VVILHELM DEIWIKS, OF BIELEFELD, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO HERMANN ROMUNDER, OF NEWV YORK, N. Y., AND FERDINAND ROMUNDER, OF

M COLOGNE, GERMANY.

ROTARY: M OTOR.

SPECIFIQATION forming part of Letters Patent N 0. 686,394, dated November 12, 1901.

Application filed April 28, 1900., Serial No. 14,663. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILHELM DEIWIKS, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing in Bielefeld, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Motors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to motors of the class generally known as rotary motors; and the invention has for its principal object to furnish a rotary motor of improved construction adapted for operation by fluids under pressure, and especially for operation by explosive mixtures or gases-such, for instance, as the gases or hydrocarbons mixed with proper part of this specification, Figure 1 is a plan,

view of this improved rotary motor. Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical. section taken in line a a, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken through the right-hand pistoncylinder, with the piston-carrier in elevation, one part ofsuch carrier, however, being shown in section to illustrate the ball-bearings. Fig. 4 is a detail of one of the piston-carriers. Fig. 5 shows two views of one of the pistons, and Fig. 6 shows two views of the spring for holding the piston members in proper con tact with the walls of the cylinders.

Similar characters of reference denote similar parts in all the figures of the drawings.

This improved duplex rotary motor comprises two single rotary mechanisms, (designated by M and M, respectively,) each comprising a suitable cylinder, as F and F, respectively, within which a pair of piston-carriers O and C are respectively mounted in substantially the manner indicated in Fig. 2. To permit the assemblage of the piston-carriers, the casing shown formed by the cylinders is provided with a removable end wall or cap A. These piston-carriers are located eccentrically'of the cylinder-spaces E and E, and the length of the piston-carriers is such that they run closely between the end walls 2 and 3 ofthe. cylinders F and F, respectively. The end walls of each cylinder are provided with recesses 3, into which tapered rings 4 are tightly fitted or wedged, the inner faces of said rings having tracks for the reception of ball-bearings. Tightly fitting on projections at of the carriers are tapered rings 5, also having tracks formed on their exterior surfaces, which together with the tracks T of the rings 4 form raceways for the balls. Each piston in the present instance comprises what may be designated herein as a rotary sliding piston, each being shown as comprising a pair of sliding members 61 d" and d (i rounded or otherwise fitted to properly bear against the cylinder-surfaces.

One feature of my present invention relates to the combination of the two mechanisms M and M with improved valvemechanism and with connecting mechanism whereby the mechanisms are operated at varying speeds, respectively. This relative timing of the rotary sliding pistons of the two mechanisms may be accomplished by any suitable connecting driving mechanism; but I prefer to employ spur-wheels of the required relative sizes-such, for instance, as indicated in plan view in Fig. 1 and by corresponding dotted lines in the sectional view, Fig. 2. The

projecting shaft 1; of the piston-carrier G of the mechanism M is shown provided with a gear or spur wheel 7, which connects with the larger gear 8 of the corresponding shaft of the other mechanism, M. In the present instance these gears connect through an intermediate gear 9, and accordingly the two piston-carriers O and C revolve in the same direction; but in some cases, if desired, the'intermediate gear 9 may be omitted and the two gears 7 and 8 be made to mesh directly. As a means for steadying the operation of the motor a fly-wheel or balance-wheel 10 may be mounted on the cylinder-shaft of one of the mechanisms, or, if desired, a smaller balancewheel of suitable size and weight may be mounted on each of the said piston-shafts. In the present case only one such balancewheel 10 is used, and it is mounted on the shaft 0 of the high-speed mechanism M, while the piston-shaft c of the otherlow-speed mechanism, M, is shown furnished with a spurwheel 12, from which the power produced by the motor maybe transmitted for driving an automobile or for anyotherpurpose to which the motor may be applied.

Another feature of my present improvement relates to the valve mechanism and the means foractuating and controlling the same. A valve-chest 13 is located adjacent to the two cylinders and preferably, as shown in the present instance, is directly between said cylinders. Ports on and m lead from the valve-chamber D to the cylinder-spaces E and E, respectively, of the two mechanisms M:

and M.

A reciprocatory valve or valves is;

located in said valve-chamber, and a driving i apparatus therefor is mounted upon the shaft 0, carried in suitable bearings supported on? the framework of the motor mechanism and furnished with means whereby it will be ro-; tated in proper timing with the rotation of the pistons. ignated by O) is shown furnished with a For this purpose said shaft (des-i ton-shaft c of the other mechanism, M.

The;

shaft 0 carries a valve-actuating device or. cam P, which is located so as to have a sliding movement on said shaft, being connected therewith by a suitable spline and controlled by a governor 15, also carried on said shaft 0, a spring 16 being in position normally to slide the valve-cam P into its operative position.

When the velocity of the shaft 0 reaches a certain speed determined by the construction and adjustment of the several parts of the governor mechanism, the balls or weights 17 of such governor, operating through the lever-arms by which said weights are carried and which arms engage with the groove 18 of the cam-sleeve 19, forcibly shift the sleeve along the shaft 0 toward the governor-spring 16, thus drawing the working part of the cam into an inoperative position with relation to the motor-valve. By this means whenever the motor passes a certain predetermined speed (due to the construction and adjustment aforesaid) the valve mechanism will be automatically thrown out of action and will so remain until the speed of the shaft 0 is re-, duced to a point where the power of the governor-spring will overcome the centrifugal force of the weight and so permit the spring to force the cam back into its operative position.

The improved valve mechanism for my im proved motor in the preferred form of such mechanism herein shown comprises a main valve j, fitted for reciprocatory movement in the valve-chamber and furnished with a working face or projection n, whereby the valve will be operated in one direction by the cam P. The valvej is furnished with ports land Z, located for properly communicating with the ports m and m, respectively, of mechanisms M and M. Said valve when constructed in the preferred form (herein shown) comprises two valve-plates 7c and 75, respectively, between which are located the valve-chest walls. A spring 20 is in position to operate the valve toward the valve-cam. Between said valve-plates 7c and 7a is formed the chamber D, into which when the motor is constructed and adapted for use as a gas-engine the combustible gases are introduced. For igniting these gases an igniting device q is located in said chamber D, and for this purpose any suitable electric or other form of igniter may be employed.

For the purpose, among others, of permitting the engine to use the motive fluid, more especially when this is steam or air supplied through the inlet-orifice to the cylinder E, the two pistons are shown geared to run at different velocities, which in the present instance are one revolution for the piston O and two revolutions for the piston (3, by which means the fluid used during one revolution of the piston G will operate at a lower pressure through two revolutions of the piston C. It will be noted, however, that while the cylinders are in the present instance both shown of the same capacity they may have different capacities and the rotary movements be correspondingly regulated by means of the connecting-gearingproperly proportioned therefor as required in any given instance, and also the varying capacities of the cylinders may in some cases be obtained by varying the lengths of the same as compared with their respective diameters.

When the motor is constructed for use as a gas-engine, as more particularly shown in the accompanying drawings, one of the mechanisms (in the present instance the mechanism M) is adapted for use as a compressor for supplying compressed material to the explosion or combustion chamber D, where it is ignited and from which it passes to the mechanism or motor proper, M.

The operation of this improved engine when used as a gas-engine is as follows: The engine is started by turning the flywheel, whereupon the piston-carriers O and 0', together with the sliding pistons in close engagement with the inner surfaces of the cylinders, are rotated in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2. The vacuum thus created in the space E of the piston-cylinder F by the member 01 of the piston draws the combustible material into the cylinder at the point E through the main supply channel or inlet 3 from the source 0f supply, (not shown,)'whereupon the member and open the channel m into the cylinder F.

At the same time the valve j operates at its upper end an electric button w, connected with the igniting device q, whereupon combustion takes place, the combustible products passing through the communicating passages l and m of the valve and cylinder F, respectively, to thereby rotate the piston in said cylinder F until the products of combustion in the rear of the piston come opposite the exhaust-passageZ, whereupon they leave the cylinder through such passage. The rotary movement of the piston within the cylinder F thus controls the rotation of its companion compressor-piston, and thereby the supply of combustible material. a

From the foregoing it will be seen that the motor having the rotary pistons remains in 0poration through alternating combustion and uninterrupted supply. In this rotary pistonmotor the explosion acts upon the piston from the moment of combustion with unchanging power beyond half the revolution of the piston, so that a greater expansion of the explosive gases and a proportionately-incrcased capacity of the motor are secured as compared with other motors, while at the same time the motor is simple and comparatively inexpensive in its construction and is positive and reliable in operation, being adapted to be readily applied in connection with all kinds of motive power.

I desire to state that the various details may be more or less modified without departing from the scope of this invention.

In conclusion it Will'be seen that in the present instance the com pressor-cylinder and motor-cylinder are each provided with what may be termed herein a combined rotary sliding piston, since the piston-carrier rotates together with the slides, which latter, owing to the eccentric location of such carrier, slide therein to enable them to always engage the inner surface of the cylinder.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In a gas-engine, the combination of a pair of piston-cylinders having a main supply-inlet; a combustionchamber in communication with each of said cylinders; a pair of rotary pistons located one in each of said cylinders; and a valve for controlling the communication of said cylinders with said combustion-chamber.

2. In agas-engine, the combination of a piston-cylinder; a rotary sliding piston located therein; a compression-cylinder having a main supply-inlet; a rotary sliding piston located in said compression-cylinder; a combustion-chamberin communication with each of said cylinders; and means for controlling the passage of combustible material from said compression cylinder to said combustionchamber, and the passage of explosive material from'said combustion-chamber to said piston-cylinder.

3. In a gas-engine, the combination of a piston-cylinder; a rotary sliding piston located therein; a compression cylinder having a main supply-inlet; a rotary sliding piston located in said compression-cylinder; a combustion-chamber in communication with each of said cylinders; means for controlling the passage of combustible material from said compression cylinder to said combustionchamber, and the passage of explosive material from said combustion-chamber to said piston-cylinder; and means connecting said pistons together whereby the supply of combustible material to the compression-cylinder is controlled by the piston-cylinder.

4. In a gas-engine, the combination of a piston-cylinder; a rotary sliding piston located therein; a compression cylinder having a main supply-inlet; a rotary sliding piston located in said compression-cylinder; acombustion-chamber in communication with each of said cylinders; means for controlling the passage of combustible material from said compression-cylinder to said combustion-chamber, and the passage of explosive material therefrom to said piston-cylinder; means connecting said pistons together whereby the supply of combustible material to the combustion-cylinder is regulated by the piston-cylinder; and a governor for controlling the action of said engine.

5. 'In a gas-engine, the combination of a motor-cylinder; a rotary sliding spring controlled piston eccentrically located in said cylind'er a compression-cylinder in communication with combustible supply means; a rotary sliding spring-actuated piston eccentrically located in said compression-cylinder; a combustion-chamberincommunication with each of said cylinders; a valve for controlling said communication; gearing connecting said pistons; and means controlled by said gearin for actuating said valve.

6. In a gas-engine, the combination of a motor-cylinder and a compression-cylinder having a main supply-inlet; a pair of eccentrically-disposed piston-carriers located one in each of said cylinders; a pair of sliding pistons carried one by each of said carriers, each of said sliding pistons comprising a pair of members; a spring located intermediate each pair of members; a combustion-chamber in of members; a spring located intermediate each pair of members; a combustion-chamber in communication with said cylinders; and a cam-actuated spring-controlled valve for controlling the passage of combustible material to said combustion-chamber, and the passage of explosive material therefrom.

8. In a gas-engine, the combination of a motor-cylinder and a compression-cylinder having a main supply-inlet; a pair of eccentrically-disposed piston-carriers located one in each of said cylinders; a pair of sliding pistons carried one by each of said carriers, each of said sliding pistons comprising a pair of members; a spring located intermediate each pair of members; a combustion-chamber in communication with said cylinders; means for controlling the passage of combustible material to said combustion-chamber, and the passage of explosive material therefrom, and comprising a cam-actuated springcontrolled valve; and igniting means located in said combustion-chamber and controlled by said valve.

9. In a gas-engine, the combination of a motor-cylinder having an exhaust-passage; a rotary piston-carrier eccentrically located in said cylinder and having a slideway; a sliding piston located in said carrier and comprising a pair of members; a spring intermediate said members; a combustion-chamber in communication with said motor-cylinder; a compression-cylinder in communication with said combustion-chamber and having an inlet; an eccentrically-located carrier in said compression-cylinder and having a slideway; a sliding piston mounted in said slideway and comprising a pair of members; a spring located intermediate said members; a sliding valve located in said valve-chest and controlling the communication of both of said cylinder-chambers therewith; an igniting device located in said combustion-chamber; gearing connecting said piston-carriers; a governor in operative connection with said gearing; and a cam carried by said governor-shaft for controlling the action of said valve.

10. In an engine, the combination of a pair of cylinders one having a main supply-inlet; a pair of rotary pistons located one in each cylinder and connected and timed whereby one piston operates at a speed different from the other; and valve mechanism for controlling the operation of said pistons.

11. In an engine, the combination of a pair of cylinders one having a main supply-inlet; a pair of rotary pistons located one in each cylinder; connecting means intermediate said pistons and organized whereby one piston operates at a speed difierent from the other; valve mechanism for controlling the operation of said pistons; and means in connection with said piston-connecting means for controlling the operation of said valve.

12. In an engine, the combination of apair of cylinders one having a main supply-inlet; a pair of rotary pistons located one in each cylinder; connecting means intermediate said pistons and organized whereby one piston operates at a speed different from the other; valve mechanism for controlling the operation of said pistons; means in connection with said piston-connecting means for controlling the operation of said valve; and a governor for controlling the operation of said valve-operating means.

13. In an engine, the combination, of a pair of cylinders communicating with each other, one having a main supply-inlet; a pair of rotary pistons located one in each of said cylinders and geared to rotate at difierent speeds; and valve mechanism in communication with each of said cylinders.

VVILHELM DEIWIKS.

Witnesses:

F. E. MALLETT, KARL SCHMITT. 

